The blood level of glucose (the sugar used by the body for energy) may be measured if diabetes is suspected. A random blood sugar test measures the level of glucose in a blood specimen collected at any time. If this is abnormally raised, fasting blood sugar will be measured on blood collected after a 12- hour fast. If the fasting blood sugar is raised. a glucose tolerance test will be recommended to discover how efficiently the body can use glucose. A fasting blood sample is collected, and then the patient is given a drink containing a measured amount of glucose. Samples of blood are collected by finger prick at half-hourly intervals for the next 3 hours. The glucose level of all samples is measured and the results plotted on a graph. The shape of the resulting blood sugar curve reflects the body’s response to glucose absorbed from the gut and indicates whether or not the patient has diabetes mellitus.

Risk Factors for Complications During the Procedure

• Blood pressure testing may cause a temporary painful sensation if performed on an injured or swollen arm. Other than that, blood pressure testing presents no other known risks.

Tips for accurate use

You can also follow these tips to help ensure accuracy when you measure your blood pressure at home:

• Take your blood pressure at consistent times, such as in the morning and in the evening.
• Sit quietly for three to five minutes before taking a measurement.
• Avoid food, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol for 30 minutes before taking a measurement.
• Rest your arm, raised to the level of your heart, on a table, desk or chair arm. You may need to place a pillow or cushion under your arm to elevate it high enough.
• Don’t talk while taking your blood pressure.
• Take a repeat reading two to three minutes after the first one to check accuracy.